Certainly, here's the continuation of the explanation regarding interior gateway protocols and the differences between link state and distance vector protocols:

Routing Protocols and Interior Gateway Protocols:

• Routing tables are updated with new information about the quickest paths to destination networks, and routing protocols enable routers to share this information.
• Routing protocols are used by routers to communicate and exchange information about network paths.
• There are two main categories of routing protocols:
  • Interior gateway protocols (IGPs) and
  • Exterior gateway protocols (EGPs).

Interior Gateway Protocols (IGPs):

• IGPs are used for sharing information within a single autonomous system (AS).
• An autonomous system is a collection of networks managed by a single network operator. Examples include large corporations or national-scale internet service providers.

example: single operator network for each LAN

• IGPs are further divided into two types:
  • Link state routing protocols and
  • Distance vector protocols.

Distance Vector Protocols:

• Distance vector protocols are an older standard of routing protocols.
• Routers using distance vector protocols share a list of distances to known networks with their neighboring routers.
• Each router calculates the number of hops it takes to reach each network.
• Distance vector protocols are named this way because routers send vectors (lists) containing distance information to networks.
• Routers using this protocol are aware mainly of their immediate neighbors and their distances to networks.
• Distance vector protocols are simple but don't provide routers with extensive information about the overall network state.

Example of Distance Vector Protocol:

• Consider two routers, Router A and Router B.