New terms and their definitions: Course 2 Module 1

Bit: The smallest representation of data that a computer can understand

Border Gateway Protocol (BGP): A protocol by which routers share data with each other

Broadcast: A type of Ethernet transmission, sent to every single device on a LAN

Broadcast address: A special destination used by an Ethernet broadcast composed by all Fs

Cable categories: Groups of cables that are made with the same material. ****Most network cables used today can be split into two categories, copper and fiber

Cables: Insulated wires that connect different devices to each other allowing data to be transmitted over them

Carrier-Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD): CSMA/CD is used to determine when the communications channels are clear and when the device is free to transmit data

Client: A device that receives data from a server

Collision domain: A network segment where only one device can communicate at a time

Computer networking: The full scope of how computers communicate with each other

Copper cable categories : These categories have different physical characteristics like the number of twists in the pair of copper wires. These are defined as names like category (or cat) 5, 5e, or 6, and how quickly data can be sent across them and how resistant they are to outside interference are all related to the way the twisted pairs inside are arranged

Crosstalk: Crosstalk is when an electrical pulse on one wire is accidentally detected on another wire

Cyclical Redundancy Check (CRC): A mathematical transformation that uses polynomial division to create a number that represents a larger set of data. It is an important concept for data integrity and is used all over computing, not just network transmissions

Data packet: An all-encompassing term that represents any single set of binary data being sent across a network link

Datalink layer: The layer in which the first protocols are introduced. This layer is responsible for defining a common way of interpreting signals, so network devices can communicate

Destination MAC address: The hardware address of the intended recipient that immediately follows the start frame delimiter

Duplex communication: A form of communication where information can flow in both directions across a cable

Ethernet: The protocol most widely used to send data across individual links

Ethernet frame: A highly structured collection of information presented in a specific order